2009年北京中考英语试题分析(3)

通过对16个学生的访谈，得出以下结果：
 

 今年很多考生普遍反映的难题是C篇的55题和57题，其次是C篇的58题和56题。有个别粗心的考生错了B篇的54题。

A篇阅读
 47题选B。用关键词music定位，找到Unit 1 Music, 然后在Reading这一列中找到Sad movies。
 48题选C。用关键词weather定位，找到Unit 3 Weather。
 49题选D。用关键词Unit 5定位，然后Words这一列中找到Space news。
 50题选C。根据题目要求，找到所有unit 的相同之处。由于47、48、49题的答案涉及了Unit，Reading和Words三列，唯一没有使用的是Skills这一列，所以优先考虑它。果然每个Unit在Skills这一列中都提到了：Understanding main ideas.

B篇阅读
 51题选B。用关键词cough和sneeze定位，找到第一段（粗体字）中的第一句话：When you cough or sneeze, you’d better turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand.
 52题选A。用关键词door和someone定位，找到第三段（粗体字）中的第一句话：If you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door.
 53题选D。题目问得是作者的职业。顺着52题答案的出处继续往下找，发现第四段第一句话：After a few weeks of seeing kids try to get enough doors in the school and watching them enter restaurants as the door hit other people, I knew I had to discuss the problem with my students. 所以不难猜出作者的职业是teacher.
 
 47-53题都属于事实细节题，解题的关键在于精确定位。

 54题选A。属于文章主旨题。总结每一段黑体字（第一、三、五段）第一句话的含义，第一段讲咳嗽或打喷嚏时应注意的问题，第三段讲为走在后面的人开门，第五段讲乘移动电梯靠右站的问题。所以答案选A. the rules of behaviors in public (公共场所的行为规范)。

 主旨题的解题关键是：总结每一段的共同点。

C篇阅读
 55题选B。属于单词含义题，用关键词psychologist定位，找到第二段第一句话：Doctors and other scientists [who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way they do, called psychologists,] are starting to believe it. 定语从句的内容正好说明了psychologist的特点： （1）study the human mind. （2） explain why people behave in the way they do. 所以答案选B. thoughts and behavior. 理由是thoughts 和mind相对应，behavior与behave相对应。出题人玩得是同义词替换的游戏。
 很多同学误选C. ,mind and nervous system. 结果错了，非常可惜。错在后半部分nervous system (神经系统)，第二段第二句话的确是提到了：You know that your brain is connected to every part of your body through your nervous system.（你知道你的大脑通过神经系统和身体的每一部分联系在一起。）这里仅仅是提到了nervous system而已，但是与psychologist没有任何关系。出错的根本原因是定位不精确。

 56题选D。属于正误判断题。题干无法提供关键词，所以利用每一个选项中的名词进行定位。我们一一来分析 (黑体字 + 下划线是关键词)：
You shouldn’t go to the gym if you are under stress.与原文相反。
 第六段第七句话：If you go walking or do aerobic dancing or work out at the gym, you give your body a chance to burn up some of that adrenaline. (去健身馆可以消耗adrenaline)

 B. One can do his homework to burn up adrenaline.与原文相反。
 第四段第三句话： Problems like endless homework or troubles with your family are the kind of things you can’t fight or turn away from, so you don’t use up all that adrenaline. 说明homework 不能让你用完所有的adrenaline。与选项描述的正好相反。

 C. Diseases and accidents are caused by stress. 偷换概念。
 第三段最后三句话：But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body’s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases. It can even make you more likely to have an accident. 很多考生错选C，原因在于把It错误理解为stress，但实际上It指代的是too much stress（过多的压力）。

 D. Everyone needs stress to improve himself. 正话反说
 第三段第四句话：Without stress, we would never learn anything or grow or change. （没有压力，我们就学不到任何东西，不会成长，也不会改变。） 其中grow和improve相对应。

 正误判断题的关键是：用选项中的关键词快速定位答案，耐心和速度是关键。

 57题选C。属于细节推断题。找到黑体字所在的位置—第五段最后一句话：A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful. it指代的是a big change，所以可以简单理解为A big change will still be stressful. 所以和它意思最接近的是：C. a big change will cause another stressful situation.
 很多同学误选D. a stressful situation can’t be changed without any effort. 文章第五段并没有讲stress和effort有任何联系。属于选项中有，文章中无的错误选项。

 58题选A。属于文章主旨题。从第二段第二句话：You know that your brain is connected to every part of your body through your nervous system. 第四段第一句：When you feel stress, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical called adrenaline (肾上腺素). 第六段第一句：The link（关联）between your body and brain works in two ways. 不难选出A. The Body-Brain Link (身体和大脑的关联)。

五、完成句子

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