初中语法精挑细讲之冠词

　　（二）冠词

　　1．定冠词－the .

　　○1 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。The students are very good.

　　○2 说话人与听话人都知道的人或事物。Where is the toilet ?

　　○3 重复提到上文的人或事物。I have a cat , the cat is white and black .

　　○4 表示世界上独一无二的事物。The moon moves around the earth .

　　○5 形容词最高级和序数词前和表示方位的名词前。I am the oldest . He is the first to school . I live in the south .

　　○6 洋乐器的名称前常用定冠词－the 。I like playing the piano / violin .

　　○7 和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表某一类人。We should help the poor . 但play Erhu.

　　○8 放在某些专有名词前。We will go to visit the Great Wall next week . the People's Republic of China .

　　○9 放在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇两人。The Whites are watching TV .

　　○10 固定词组中。In the morning / afternoon / evening .

　　2．不定冠词－a / an .

　　○1 指人或事物的某一种类。A horse is a useful animal. A table has four legs.

　　○2 指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。Pass me a pencil, please. We write with a pen.

　　○3 指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。The book was written by a peasant. Last month we were working in a factory.

　　○4 不定冠词还可以指"事物的单位"，如"每日"、"每斤"等。 Here is a letter for you . The meat is 18 yuan a kilo.

　　3．零冠词。

　　○1 泛指人类或男女。Man will conquer nature .

　　○2 抽象名词在用来表示它的一般概念时，通常不加冠词。Knowledge begins with practice .

　　○3 有些个体名词有时可以转化成具有抽象意义，其前面也常不加冠词。We had better send him to hospital at once.

　　○4 在专有名词前一般不用冠词。China is a great country. Mr Smith is an artist.

　　○5 在三餐饭、球棋类运动名称之前不用冠词。He often goes out for a walk after supper. Sometimes I play basketball.

　　○6 在节假日、星期几、月份、季节等名词前。September 10th is Teachers' Day.

　　○7 称呼语或表示头衔、职务的名词前不用冠词。Granny is sleeping now. We call him monitor.

　　○8 在语言名词前，名词前有指示代词、物主代词或数词时，不用冠词。This is his book. I can speak English .

　　○9 不用冠词的惯用语。At night / on food / go to town / at home / in class / at work 等。
 

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