初三英语上册知识点：句式句型(4)

　　5. Eating foods from grain gives you vitamins, minerals and fibre.

　　吃来自谷物的食物给你维生素、矿物质和纤维。

　　eating不可以改为eat，因为动词不可以作主语，所以用eating形式，即动名词，动名词（或短语）作主语时动词用单数形式。例：

　　Taking exercise helps you keep healthy.

　　运动帮你保持健康。

　　6. The more you move your feet, the more healthy you will be.

　　你越爱运动，你就会越健康。

　　越……，就越……，常用"the +比较级，the +比较级"结构。

　　前者是状语从句，后者是主句，如果主句是将来时，从句要用一般现在时。例：

　　The more, the better.越多越好。

　　The more food he eats, the fatter he will be.

　　他吃得越多，就越胖。

　　7. He has been away for three days now!

　　他已经三天没上学了。（离开三天了）。

　　be away，离开，不在，是leave的延续词，类似的还有：

　　catch a cold（结束性）→have a cold

　　fall ill（结束性）→be ill 例：

　　He has caught a cold.他感冒了。

　　He has had a cold for a week.

　　他感冒一周了。

　　He fell ill last Friday.

　　他上周五病了。

　　He has been ill for five days.

　　他病五天了。

　　8. I rested and drank plenty of water.

　　我休息而且喝很多水。

　　plenty of许多，大量，相当于lots of或a lot of，后可加可数名词复数或不可数名词。

　　He has plenty of time to watch TV.

　　他有很多时间看电视。

　　There are plenty of shops on either side of the street.

　　街两面有许多商店。

　　9. Could you open the door for me?

　　请为我打开门好吗？

　　Would （wiu/, Could）you + do…？用来表示请求对方为自己做某事。would / could / will不表时态。

　　Would / Could you go and get me some chalk?

　　去给我拿些粉笔来好吗？

　　10. She is unable to do many things.

　　她不能做很多事情。

　　unable不能的，un-表示前缀，表示否定。例：

　　happy → unhappy不开心的，fair→unfair不公平的

　　此句可以表示为：

　　She can't do many things.

　　She is not able to do many things.

　　11. I'm feeling much better.

　　我感觉好多了。

　　much相当于a lot，常用来修饰比较级，还有even, far, a little, a bit等也可以放于比较级前，而very, too, quite, so, much too等常用来修饰原级。例：

　　On Monday I felt very bad, but now I feel much better.

　　周一我感觉很差，但现在感觉好多了。

　　Unit 5

　　1. It is said that Professor Yuan is one of the richest people in China.

　　It is said that ...  据说……，相当于People say that ...

　　例：It is said that the boy has joined the army.

　　据说那个孩子已经参军了。

　　2. The grain of this new type of rice would be as big as peanut so that farmers could rest in the cool shadows of big rice plants.

　　这种新水稻的粒子将会和花生一样大，以便农民可以在这种水稻的阴凉下休息。

　　as ... as ...  "和……一样"，表示程度相同的比较。

　　This box is as big as that one.

　　这个箱子和那个一样大。

　　so that  表示目的，译为"以便……，目的是……"。

　　He stood on a chair so that he could reach the top of the tree.

　　他站在椅子上以便能够够到树的顶部。

　　Unit 6

　　1. Why don't you pretend to be Jenny's friend?

　　为什么你不假装Jenny的朋友呢？

　　Why don't you do ...? （Why not do ... ?）

　　Why don't you go to see him tomorrow?

　　为什么你不明天去看他呢？

　　2. Don't be scared.  别害怕。

　　此句是祈使句，由系词be开头，后常加形容词，构成系表结构。

　　例：Be careful!  当心！

　　Be quick!   快点！

　　否定形式在句首加don't。

　　例：Don't be late for school!   上学别迟到。

　　Don't be nervous!    别紧张。

　　3. Shall I call an ambulance?

　　我可以叫救护车吗？  （我叫救护车好吗？）

　　Shall I (we) do sth ... ?   我（们）做……好吗？

　　用来表示请求，自己所做的事情征得对方的意见，是否同意。

　　例：Shall I get you some water?

　　我给你打点水好吗？

　　4. There is something wrong with my arm.

　　我的手臂有毛病。

　　There is something wrong with sb. or sth.  某人某物有毛病

　　There is something wrong with my watch.

　　我的手表坏了。

　　否定式为： There is not anything wrong with ... .

　　There is nothing wrong with ... .

　　5. It took me three months to recover.

　　我用了三个月时间恢复。

　　It takes sb. some time to do sth.  某人花费多长时间做某事

　　it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式"to do sth."。

　　take 随时态改变，sb. 用宾格。

　　例：It took me two hours to clean my house yesterday.

　　我昨天用了两个小时打扫房子。

　　It will take me another two days to finish the work.

　　完成这项工作我还要两天时间。

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