初中英语介词知识点：介词用法辨析(2)

　　⑹ through与across、over的用法区别： through指"穿过…(门洞/人群/树林)"； across和over可以指"跨越…(街道/河流)",可互换,但是表示"翻过…"时只能用over. 如：Just then a rat (鼠)ran across the road.(就在那时一只老鼠跑过路面)/ There is a bridge across/over the river.(河上有座桥)/ They climbed over the mountain and arrived there ahead of time.(他们翻过大山提前到达了那里)/ The visitors went through a big gate into another park.(参观者们穿过一个大门来到另一个公园)

　　(7)as与like的区别：两个词都表示"像……",但是as译为"作为……",表示的是职业、职务、作用等事实,而like译为"像……一样",表示外表,不是事实。如：Let me speak to you as a father.(我以父亲的身份和你讲话。)(说话者是听者的父亲) / Let me speak to you like a father.(让我像一位父亲一样和你讲话)(说话者不是听者的父亲)

　　(8)at the end of、by the end of、to the end、in the end的用法区别：at the end of…既可以表示时间也可以表示地点,译为"在…末；在…尽头",常与过去时连用；by the end of…只能表示时间,译为"在…前；到…为止",常用于过去完成时； in the end与at last基本等义,表示"终于、最后",通常用于过去时；to the end译为"到…的终点为止",前面往往有表示运动或连续性的动词。如：By the end of last term we had learned 16 units of Book III.(到上学期期末我们已经学习了第三册16个单元)/ At the end of the road you can find a big white house with brown windows.(在路的尽头你能找到一幢有棕色窗户的白房子)/ They left for Beijing at the end of last week.(上周末他们动身去了北京)/ In the end he succeeded in the final exams.(他最终在期末考试中考及格了)/ We should go on with the work to the end.(我们应该把工作干到底)/ Follow this road to the end and you will see a post office.(沿这条路走到底就能看见一家邮电局)

　　(9)for a moment、for the moment、in a moment、at the moment的区别：for a moment"一会儿、片刻"(=for a while),常与持续性动词连用；for the moment"暂时、目前",常用于现在时；in a moment"一会儿、立即、马上"(=soon; in a few minutes),一般用于将来时；at the moment"此刻,眼下"(=now),用于现在进行时。如：Please wait for a moment.(请稍等)/ Let's leave things as they are for the moment.(暂时就维持现状吧！) / I'll come back in a moment.(我过会儿回来)/ I am very busy at the moment.(眼下我很忙)

　　(10)but的问题：用介词but引出另一个动词时,要注意：如果前面有do,后面就用原形动词,前面没有do时,后面的动词要加to。如：I could do nothing but wait.(我什么也做不了只能等) / They had no choice(选择) but to fight.(他们没有选择只有战斗)

　　(11)in front of 与in the front of： in front of"在…的前面", 与in the front of"在…的前部"。如：A car was parking in front of the hall.(大厅跟前停着一辆汽车)/ In the front of the hall stood a big desk.(大厅前部立着一个大讲台)

　　(12)except与besides的区别：except"除了",表示排除掉某人物,即不包含；而besides"除了"则表示包含,即"不仅……又……"。如：Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Tom.(除了Tom,大家都去了故宫博物院)(Tom没有去故宫)/ Besides Chinese he also studied many other subjects.(除了汉语之外,他还学其他许多功课)("汉语"也是他学的功课之一)
 

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