2016年中考英语阅读技巧精讲(一)(3)

　　第三题：此为类型题的一种即问某个专家的具体观点题型，此题必须针对原文找答案，找出原文句子的同义句或解释的句子。第一步锁定题干位置如图所示3。这一段较长哪句是重点?第一句为什么?看But 一词，这一句是反对此种研究人的观点总结，后面举一个具体的专家观点，可以忽略而且第一句中because这部分为答案。答案为C

　B。 对错题。出题方法一般为Which of the following statement is true or not true? or Which of the following is right or wrong except?此种题型多数答案为文章中心句子或中心含义的进一步说明和解释;少数题的答案为文章某一具体句子意思的解释。

　　Do you know that women’s brains are smaller than men’s? Normally the women’s brain weighs 10% less than men’s。 Since research has shown that the bigger the brain， the cleverer the animal， men must be more intelligent(聪明的) than women。 Right? Wrong。 Men and women always score similarly on intelligence tests， despite the difference in brain size。 Why? After years of study， researchers have concluded that it’s what’s inside that matters， not just the size of the brain。 The brain is made up of “grey matter” and “white matter”。 While men have more of the white matter， the amount(数量)of “thinking” brain is almost the same in both men and women。

　　Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 1?

　　A。 Grey matter controls thinking in the brain。

　　B。 Men’s brain is 10% less than women’s。

　　C。 Grey matter plays the same role as white matter。

　　D。 Men and women have the same amount of white matter。

　　B答案的10%是最好锁定原文的答案也最好判断对错，此句为主语与表语的篡改，错。

　　C和D答案都用了the same as 句式，找回原文，C 答案明显的无中生有，D答案为篡改原文内容，因为文中的疑问是Since research has shown that the bigger the brain， the cleverer the animal， men must be more intelligent(聪明的) than women。 Right? Wrong。注意疑问句Right?，他的回答是Wrong，错在哪里?细看这一句，since很关键意思是：既然，而非自从，既然研究证明大脑越大，这种生物就越聪明，那么男人一定比女人聪明。对吗?错。 再往下看Why?的问句后的回答即为结论：After years of study， researchers have concluded that it’s what’s inside that matters， not just the size of the brain。 Conclude结论是：大脑内部起作用而不是大小在起作用。A答案是从原文内容推断出来的选项而非只言片语的改写，是在解释最后一句的意思，故为正确答案。

　　C。 推断题型。出题方法一般为 what can we learn from the passage? What can we infer (draw， indicate， imply) from the passage? 多数答案为文章中心意思的解释，少数情况下为文章某一细节的总结和概括。切记推断题型必须要体现推断的特点，不能照抄原文，即使一模一样也不是答案，如果是绕着文章某个句子在改写也不是答案因为没有体现总结和推断的特点，只是只言片语的罗列，千万不要选。

　　And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people， especially young people， get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time。 There is a corollary(直接推论)to that： if a good excuse is “good” even if it isn’t honest， then where is the place of the truth?

　　What can we infer from the last paragraph according to the writer?

　　A。 A good excuse is the same as honesty。

　　B。 Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas。

　　C。 Unpleasant truth is better than a good excuse。

　　D。 Making a good excuse is sometimes a better idea。

　　如何判断这一段的重点在哪里?针对一段文字来出的题型无论怎么问，对错，总结，推断，举例证明什么目的，推出什么结论，所有的题的答案都是这一段中心句的解释。这段文字重点句是最后一句，因为那里有一个汉语翻译：直接推论，明显是个结论，所以是重点，答案就在这一句中，而且要格外注意最后的疑问句then where is the place of the truth?

　　中国人做的答案都很短，有强烈的总结性和概括性，不照抄原文。大意为：如果一个借口足够好即使它不是真实的，那么真理将摆在哪里呢?答案为C。

　　结论题。出题方法一般为 What can we conclude from the passage? or What is the conclusion of the passage? 结论一词的含义是：到最后将观点总结，所以这种题的答案在文章最后。

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