来源:中考网整理 作者:中考网编辑 2019-03-15 15:28:46
[考点]
must “必须”;
have to“不得不”;
need “必须;需要”;
can(could)“能;可能”;
may (might) “可以;可能”;
shall,will (would)“将;会;愿意;要”;
should“应当”。
“had better (not) + 动词原形”表示建议;
have to / has to / had to的否定,疑问形式要借助于助动词do / does / did。
四. There be 的句子结构
There be是一个“存在”句型,表示“有”的意思,
肯定句的形式为:There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。
be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为“某地有某人或某物”。如:
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式为:There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。
There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。
There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。
(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语
肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.
-Is there a dog in the picture?画上有一只狗吗
-Yes, there is. 有。
-Are there any boats in the river?河里有船吗
-No, there aren't. 没有。
(3)特殊疑问句:How many . . . are there (+地点状语)
某地有多少人或物回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .
-How many students are there in the classroom?教室里有多少学生
-There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。
(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语
How much water is there in the cup?杯中有多少水
五. 中考对定语从句的考查:
1.定语从句的功用和结构
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如:
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday
2.关系代词和关系副词的功用
关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语。
1. 作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如:
I don’t like people who talk much but do little.
The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.
2. 作宾语:She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.
3. 作定语
关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如:
What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?
The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.
4. 作状语
I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.
三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。例如:
The person who broke the window must pay for it.
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
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