中考英语语法几大基本时态与练习(4)

　　例句

　　It was snowing last night.

　　We were listening to music thewhole morning yesterday.

　　注意，此时用过去进行时态是和一般过去时态有明显的差别的。前者表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（可能没完成），而后者往往表示动作已经完成。

　　例句

　　I was reading a storybook lastnight. （强调昨晚一直在看，可能未看完）。

　　I read a storybook lastnight.  （只是表达动作昨晚看故事书了，已看完）。

　　九、过去将来时

　　过去将来时态表示从过去某一时间来看要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用的时间状语有thenext day, the next year等。

　　1.构成

　　和一般将来时态相对应，其构成常用以下两种，“would + 动词原形”和“was / were going to + 动词原形”。此外，还可用was / wereto do sth.和限于某些瞬间动词come, go, leave等的过去进行时态来表示过去将来。

　　2.用法

　　（1）常用于宾语从句中。eg:He told me he would come here by train the next week.

　　【中考链接】The Japanese asked when Lucy_________ the USA.   （山西）)

　　A. flying to   B. will fly to   C. would fly to   D. flew for

　　【解析】选C。主句中的谓语动词为asked, 从当时看将要发生的动作要用过去将来时。故选C。

　　（2）叙述发生在过去的故事。

　　It was a sunny morning. A boyran on the road and he was going to …

　　（3）表示过去的习惯性动作常用would+ do 来表示，相当于uesd to do，意为“过去常常”。

　　He would often put up his handin class when he was young.

　　= He uesd to put up his handin class when he was young.

　　十、过去完成时

　　过去完成时态常用来表示在“过去的过去”发生或完成的动作，也可用来表示在“过去的过去”发生的动作或状态持续到“过去”，其基本结构为had+done。

　　1. 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。也就是我们常说的“过去的过去”，与之常连用的时间状语有by last week, by the end of last year等。并且过去完成时常出现在由when, before, after引导的复合句中。

　　We had finished our homeworkwhen class was over.

　　By the time we got there, hehad left.

　　【中考链接】By the end of last year, we_______ more than 2,000 words.

　　A. learned  B. have learned   C. had learned    （青海）

　　【解析】选C。根据句中的时间状语by the end of last year, 说的是“到去年年底为止”，故句子用完成时态。

　　2. 表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常与for, since等引导的时间状语连用，句中需用延续性动词。

　　He said he had been a teachersince 2001.

　　The film had been on 10minutes when we got to the cinima.

　　3. 常用在宾语从句中，此时主句为一般过去时。

　　He told me he had finishedwriting the novel.

　　【中考链接】

　　---Why did Miss Wang look soworied when we saw her?

　　---Because she wondered______. （南京）

　　A. where did the otherstudents go

　　B. when would the policemancome

　　C. what her students have doneduring the trip

　　D. if her students hadsurvived the earthquake.

　　【解析】选D。此题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，所以排除A和B。宾语从句和主句的时态要保持一致，主句是一般过去时，从句应用过去的某种时态，即过去完成时态，所以选D。

　　备战中考

　　（  ）1. Our teacher, Mr.Zhang, _____ English on theradio three days ago.

　　A. teaches  B. taught

　　C. will teach   D. had taught

　　（  ）2. --- Were you at home at 10 o’clock last night?

　　--- Yes.I _____ TV at thattime.

　　A. watched  B. was watching

　　C. was watched   D. am watching

　　（  ）3. Parick said he _____ his grandpa next Saturday.

　　A. will visit   B. were going to visit

　　C. would visit   D. is going to visit

　　（  ）4. When the ambulance came, he _____ for threeminutes.

　　A. died  B. has died

　　C. had died   D. had been dead

　　（  ）5. Bill _____ to work in his hometown after hegraduated from Beijng.

　　A. goes  B. went

　　C. will go   D. had gone

　　（  ）6. --- Did he tell you when he ____- to school?

　　--- No, he didn’t.

　　A. returned    B. will return

　　C. would return   D. has returned

　　（  ）7. While he _____ his homework, his mother cameback.

　　A. was doing  B. is doing

　　C. did  D. would do

　　（  ）8. --- Has he returne the money to you yet?

　　--- Not yet. But he said he _____ itsoon.

　　A. returned   B. has returned

　　C. will return   D. would return

　　（  ）9. --- When ___ you ____this white car?

　　---Three weeks ago.

　　A. did, buy  B. do, buy

　　C. have, bought   D. will, buy

　　（  ）10. I really wanted to know how many tree you_____.

　　A. have planted  B. had planted

　　C. will plant   D. will planted

　　参考答案

　　1-5 BBCDB  6-10 CADAB

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