三步搞定英语长难句，阅读理解必备(4)

　　2.标记方法

　　给平行并列结构做标记的要求是：给并列词加方框，给并列项加下划线。标记时要先找到并列词，然后再找并列项。在标注形如A and B的平行并列结构时，应先找B (即右并列项)后找A (即左并列项)。由于英语中的修饰成分往往置于中心词之后，所以A和B两个并列项后面可能各自带有很长的尾巴，形成"A … and B …"的形式，导致A离and相对较远，不易辨认，而B通常离and很近，容易识别。找到B之后，利用A和B结构相同、含义相似的原则，很容易将A确定出来。

　　3.常见并列关系

　　英语中可以并列的成分有很多，读句子时要注意识别到底是谁跟谁并列。

　　① 名词并列：I like the box placed on the desk and the flowers in your hand.

　　② 形容词并列：Mr. Smith is a kind, patient and knowledgeable English teacher.

　　③ 副词并列：You are supposed to answer the following questions quickly and accurately.

　　④ 谓语动词并列：With the Internet, people can not only play computer games but also do online shopping.

　　⑤ 介词短语并列：And that government of the people, by the people and for the people shall not perish from the earth.

　　⑥ 从句并列： I've finished reading the book (which is written by Mo Yan) and (which you lent me last month).

　　⑦ 非谓语动词并列：Singing and laughing, we headed to the park.

　　⑧ 整句并列：The children can go with us or they can stay at home.

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