2021年中考英语介词知识点：常见介词用法错误(3)

　　[误] It took them two days to walk across the forest.

　　[正] It took them two days to walk through the forest.

　　[析] across 作为介词有两个主要意思：① 横过，如：I want to walk across the street.② 对面，如：There is a post office across the street，而through 多用于三维空间中的穿越。across则多用于平面上的横过。如：The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother.

　　[误] The sun sets toward the west.

　　[正] The sun sets in the west.

　　[析] towards也可用作toward，它主要表达朝向某方向运动，但不一定到达，如：He ran toward(s) the mountain.而在表示方位east， west， north， south 时，其前面要用in.要注意的是这4个词可以用作副词，如：I went south. 也可用作名词，如：I went to the south.也可用作形容词，如：I went to the south part of China.

　　[误] Do you have no other clothes except those?

　　[正] Do you have no other clothes besides those?

　　[析] beside 是“在……旁边”，如：The students stood beside their teachers.而besides是“除……之外，不仅……而且……，除了……以外还有……”，如：I studied English besides French， when I was in college. 而except 则是从同一类物体中去掉某一部分，如：I come here every day except Sunday. 而except for 是指去掉不同种类的事物，如：The room is clean except for two chairs. 而except that则要加从句。

　　[误] Can I write the exam paper with ink?

　　[正] Can I write the exam paper with a pen?

　　[正] Can I write the exam paper in ink?

　　[析] with后要加拿得起来放得下的工具，而墨水、颜料等原料则要用in.

　　[误] I’m earlier today. I came here by his car.

　　[正] I’m earlier today. I came here in his car.

　　[析]在交通工具前加介词by，但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词，否则要改换相应的介词。by taxi=in a taxi

　　by train=in a train

　　by bicycle=on a bicycle

　　by ship=on a ship

　　by boat=in a boat

　　by bus=on a bus

　　by plane=on a plane

　　by air 空运

　　by land 陆运

　　by sea 海运

　　on foot on horseback

　　by phone by letter by radio

　　by air mail by hand

　　[误] A lot of French wines are made of grape.

　　[正] A lot of French wines are made from grape.

　　[析] made of 是指由原材料到成品过程中原材料未发生质地的变化，而发生了某种变化则要用from，如：The desk was made of hard wood.

　　[误] This is a good dictionary in English grammar.

　　[正] This is a good dictionary on English grammar.

　　[析]关于某方面的书籍、报告等有两个介词，其中on表示某专业用书，about则为某方面的普通读物，如：This is a book about physics.即物理科普知识。

　　[误] Do you have the key of the door.

　　[正] Do you have the key to the door.

　　[析] key to the door门的钥匙。相同用法还有answer to the question， entrance to the highway， danger to health.千万不要用of.

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