2022中考英语B字开头重点核心词汇详解

1. background

n. 背景

关联词组：education background教育背景;family background家庭背景;background music背景音乐

用法：既可以指图画、舞台等的实体背景，也可以表示某个人的出身背景、学历等。

I had a t 48 education background. I went to public schools, received normal (常规的) education and was required to follow r 49 like every other student..

2. basic

adj.基本的，基础的

关联词组：basic information基本信息

词性转换：basis n.基础;basically adv.基本上，主要地

The word "collapse" in Paragraph 5 probably means “____________”.

A a sudden failure B. the basic rule

C. a disappointing start D. the gradual development

3. beat

vt.敲打;打败;vi.跳动;n.节拍

词形变化：过去式beat;过去分词beaten

关联词组：beat the drum打鼓;be beaten by sb.被某人打了;输给了某人

Do you enjoy hitting the books? It doesn’t mean you enjoy beating your books with your hand.

4. begin

v. 开始，着手

词形变化：过去式began;过去分词begun;现在分词beginning

关联词组：begin with以……开始，开始于……

用法：begin doing sth.和begin to do sth.都表示“开始做某事“，它们的区别：

begin doing强调事情的持续性。例如：He began smoking three years ago.他三年前开始抽烟(强调一种持续的习惯)。

begin to do表示一件事情的开端，持续与否不重要。例如：It’s beginning to rain, we’d better hurry up.开始下雨了，我们最好快点。

同义词：start

词性转换：beginning n.起初，开始：in the beginning=at first起初，开始;at the beginning of…在……的开头;from beginning to end从开始到结束

I began making new friends. I developed my own ___23___ and never again followed the crowd.

23. A. skills B. habits C. projects D. opinions

5. behaviour

n. 行为，举止

美式拼写：behavior

关联词组：good/bad behaviour良好/恶劣行为

词性转换：behave v.表现，举止

According to Patrick, what is more important?

A.Managing schools by uniforms.

B.Improving students’ behaviors.

C.Helping students express themselves confidently.

6. believe

v. 相信，认为

关联词组：believe it or not信不信由你;it is (widely) believed that…人们(普遍)认为……

用法：

believe是状态动词，通常不用于进行时态。

believe sb.相信某人说的话;believe in sb.相信某人的人品;believe in sth.信仰……;believe还可以接that或者wh-从句。

可以用I believe so或I believe not作为对问题的肯定或否定回答。

A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _________ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous.

A. although B. because C. if

7. beside

prep. 在……旁边，靠近

近义词：near，next to

易混单词：besides prep.除……以外(还有);adv.此外，而且

I go for long runs and bike rides beside the beach. An hour of exercise after a long day of writing gives me energy.

Mrs. Chaplin managed to ___1___ her children, her own with the money she made as a singer.

___2___, their economic(经济的) situation changed when she became ill with laryngitis(喉炎) in 1894.

1. A. support B. leave C. ask D. face

2. A. Although B. So C. However D. Besides

8. beyond

prep. (表示位置)在……的那边

关联词组：beyond reach够不着

用法：beyond通常用作介词用，表示位置，意思是“在……的那一边;在……之外;在更远处”。例如：

What lies beyond the mountains?山的那一边有什么?

The sea is beyond that hill.大海在山的那边。

Why is Song He Lou so special ___14___ hundreds of restaurants?

14. A. between B. against C. among D. beyond

9. birth

n.出生，诞生

关联词组：give birth to生下……;date/year of birth出生日期/年份;place of birth出生地

关联词汇：birthday n.生日;born：be born in/on出生于某年/某天;be动词要求使用过去式形式。

24. According to Paragraph 1, cakes and ice-cream are mentioned to describe ____________.

A. the birth of chickens B. the difference between them

C. the use of eggs D. the way of keeping them

10. blind

adj. 瞎的，失明的;盲目的

关联词组：go/become blind眼瞎，失明;colour blind色盲;blind date相亲

词性转换：blindly adv. 盲目地;blindness n.失明，盲目

A blind man has no idea of day and night, can’t 44 the beauty of nature, or even doesn't know what the light is.

44. A. hear B. enjoy C. touch D. play

11. blow

v. 吹，吹气;刮风

词形变化：过去式blew，过去分词blown

关联词组：blow up爆炸;blow off吹落，吹掉;blow out吹灭，吹熄;blow down吹倒

Also, wind doesn’t blow all the time, so we can’t use wind power all the time.

12. borrow

v. 借，(向别人)借用

关联词组：borrow sth from sb. 向某人借某物

反义词：lend v.借出，借给：lend sth. to sb=lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人

Could you help me pick out some new clothes? Would you mind if I borrowed your bike? Can you look after my apartment while I’m away?

13. break

v. 打破(断、碎);损坏;违背

词形变化：过去式broke，过去分词broken

关联词组：break one’s arm/leg摔断胳膊/腿;break the law违法;break down分解，发生故障;break up打碎，分手(with sb.);break into破门而入;break off折断

熟词僻义：break n.间歇，休息;中断：take/have a break休息一下

The police said that both Liu and Ran had broken criminal law by seriously endangering (危及) public safety.

14. breath

n.呼吸，气息

关联词组：out of breath喘不上气;take a deep breath深呼吸;hold one’s breath屏住呼吸;take one’s breath away使人大吃一惊，令人叹绝

词性转换：breathe v.呼吸 breathless adj.上气不接下气的

As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and ____56____, screaming: “Ah! Ah! Ah!”

15. build

v.建筑，造

词形变化：过去式built，过去分词built

关联词组：build up增进，加强

名词：building n.建筑物，房屋，大楼

And moments of failure like this build ___20___ —since then I’ve learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.

20. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support

16. burn

v.着火，燃烧;使晒黑

词形变化：过去式burned或burnt，过去分词burned或burnt

关联词组：burn out烧尽，燃尽

However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began ____54____ (burn), his eyes began to water, and his whole face became as red ____55____ the fruit.

17. business

n.生意;商业;业务

关联词组：business card名片;do business做生意;none of one’s business不归某人管，与某人无关

关联单词：businessman/businesswoman n.做生意的人，商人

All of us have _____59_____ (spend) money and time on something一maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job一and sometimes, even if we know there's no hope that things will change, we still continue with it.

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