动词词形变化的用法
(1)规则动词变化表：
|
规 则变 化
|
原形动词结尾情况
|
现在时单三人称
|
现 在 分 词
|
过去式和过去分词
|
|
一般情况
|
+s
|
+ing
|
+ed
|
|
s,x,ch,sh,o结尾
|
+es
|
+ing
|
+ed
|
|
辅音字母+y结尾
|
y→i,+es
|
+ing
|
y→i,+ed
|
|
重读闭音节一元一辅结尾
|
+s
|
双写辅音字母,+ing
|
双写辅音字母,+ed
|
|
不发音的e结尾
|
+s
|
去掉e,+ing
|
+d
|
|
ie结尾
|
+s
|
ie→y,+ing
|
+d
|
|
不规则变化
|
have→has；be→is
|
(无)
|
(见不规则动词变化表)
|
注意：①在加ing或ed时动词如果以“r”结尾,尾音节又重读的动词,“r”应双写。
②s/es的读音规则：在清辅音后读[s];在浊辅音后和元音后读[z];在[s]、[F]、[z]、[tF]、[dV]后读[iz].
③ed的读音规则：在清辅音后读[t];在浊辅音后和元音后读[d];在[t]、[d]后读[id].
(2)不规则动词变化表：( 原形 → 过去式 → 过去分词)
|
be(am,is)
|
was
|
been
|
|
lose
|
lost
|
lost
|
|
|
be(are)
|
were
|
been
|
|
make
|
made
|
made
|
|
|
beat
|
beat
|
beaten
|
|
may
|
might
|
|
|
|
become
|
became
|
become
|
|
mean
|
meant
|
meant
|
|
|
begin
|
began
|
begun
|
|
meet
|
met
|
met
|
|
|
blow
|
blew
|
blown
|
|
mistake
|
mistook
|
mistaken
|
|
|
break
|
broke
|
broken
|
|
must
|
must
|
|
|
|
bring
|
brought
|
brought
|
|
pay
|
paid
|
paid
|
|
|
build
|
built
|
built
|
|
put
|
put
|
put
|
|
|
buy
|
bought
|
bought
|
|
read
|
read
|
Read
|
|
|
can
|
could
|
|
|
ride
|
rode
|
ridden
|
|
|
catch
|
caught
|
caught
|
|
ring
|
rang
|
rung
|
|
|
choose
|
chose
|
chosen
|
|
rise
|
rose
|
risen
|
|
|
come
|
came
|
come
|
|
run
|
ran
|
run
|
|
|
cost
|
cost
|
cost
|
|
say
|
said
|
said
|
|
|
cut
|
cut
|
cut
|
|
see
|
saw
|
seen
|
|
|
dig
|
dug
|
dug
|
|
sell
|
sold
|
sold
|
|
|
do
|
did
|
done
|
|
send
|
sent
|
sent
|
|
|
draw
|
drew
|
drawn
|
|
set
|
set
|
set
|
|
|
drink
|
drank
|
drunk
|
|
shall
|
should
|
|
|
|
drive
|
drove
|
driven
|
|
shine
|
shone
|
shone
|
|
eat
|
ate
|
eaten
|
|
show
|
showed
|
shown
|
|
fall
|
fell
|
fallen
|
|
shut
|
shut
|
shut
|
|
feel
|
felt
|
felt
|
|
sing
|
sang
|
sung
|
|
find
|
found
|
found
|
|
sink
|
sank/sunk
|
sunk/sunken
|
|
fly
|
flew
|
flown
|
|
sit
|
set
|
set
|
|
forget
|
forgot
|
forgot/forgotten
|
|
sleep
|
slept
|
slept
|
|
freeze
|
froze
|
frozen
|
|
smell
|
smelt
|
smelt
|
|
get
|
got
|
got
|
|
speak
|
spoke
|
spoken
|
|
give
|
gave
|
given
|
|
spend
|
spent
|
spent
|
|
go
|
went
|
gone
|
|
spill
|
spilt
|
spilt
|
|
grow
|
grew
|
grown
|
|
spoil
|
spoilt
|
spoilt
|
|
hang
|
hung/hanged
|
hung/hanged
|
|
stand
|
stood
|
stood
|
|
have(has)
|
had
|
had
|
|
sweep
|
swept
|
swept
|
|
hear
|
heard
|
heard
|
|
swim
|
swam
|
swum
|
|
hide
|
hid
|
hidden
|
|
take
|
took
|
taken
|
|
hit
|
hit
|
hit
|
|
teach
|
taught
|
taught
|
|
hold
|
held
|
held
|
|
tell
|
told
|
told
|
|
hurt
|
hurt
|
hurt
|
|
think
|
thought
|
thought
|
|
keep
|
kept
|
kept
|
|
throw
|
threw
|
thrown
|
|
know
|
knew
|
known
|
|
understand
|
understood
|
understood
|
|
lay
|
laid
|
laid
|
|
wake
|
woke/waked
|
woken/waked
|
|
learn
|
learnt/learned
|
learnt/learned
|
|
wear
|
wore
|
worn
|
|
leave
|
left
|
left
|
|
will
|
would
|
|
|
lend
|
lent
|
lent
|
|
win
|
won
|
won
|
|
let
|
let
|
let
|
|
write
|
wrote
|
witten
|
|
lie
|
lay
|
lain
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3、be(“是/存在”)动词的各种时态变化：
|
一 般 现 在 时
|
一 般 将 来 时
|
现 在 完 成 时
|
|
I am….
You are.…
He/She/It is….
We/You/They are….
|
(I等各人称)will be….
 I am
He/She/It is going to be…
We/You/They are
|
I have been….
You have been….
She/he/It has been….
We/You/They have been….
|
|
一 般 过 去 时
|
过 去 将 来 时
|
过 去 完 成 时
|
|
I was….
You were.…
He/She/It was….
We/You/They were….
|
(I等各人称)would be….
I was
He/She/It was going to be…
We/You/They were
|
I had been….
You had been….
She/he/It had been….
We/You/They had been….
|
注意：句型变化时,
否定句在am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would后面加not,而且not都可以缩写为n’t (am后面not不可以缩写);
疑问句将am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would提前到句首。
4、其它谓语动词(主动语态)的时态变化一览表：
|
现在 时态
|
一 般 现 在 时
|
现 在 进 行 时
|
一 般 将 来 时
|
现 在 完 成 时
|
|
谓语动词构成
|
动词用原形(单三加s / es)
(问句和否定句借用助词do / does)
|
am
is+动词-ing
are
|
will+动词原形
am
is +going to+动词原形
are
|
have+过去分词
has
|
|
过去 时态
|
一 般 过 去 时
|
过 去 进 行 时
|
过 去 将 来 时
|
过 去 完 成 时
|
|
谓语动词构成
|
动词用过去式
(问句和否定句借用助词did)
|
was
+动词-ing
were
|
would+动词原形
was
+going to+动词原形
were
|
had+过去分词
|
欢迎使用手机、平板等移动设备访问中考网，2023中考一路陪伴同行！>>点击查看
