2024年初中英语that、if / whether引导的宾语从句

宾语从句(一)

宾语从句是一种名词性从句，根据引导宾语从句的连词的不同，可分为三类。本期我们学习由that、if或whether引导的宾语从句。

1. that引导的宾语从句

that引导的宾语从句通常是一个表示陈述语气的句子，that在句子中没有任何词义，因此在口语或非正式语体中可以省略。

★that引导的宾语从句可以接在某些及物动词之后。例如：

He called and said (that) he was coming to see me.

We all believe (that) he can finish the work on time.

★that引导的宾语从句也可以接在某些形容词之后。例如：

I'm sorry (that) Jane can't come with us.

I'm happy (that) I have passed the exam.

2. if或whether引导的宾语从句

if或whether引导的宾语从句部分的语义相当于一个一般疑问句。

if或whether引导的宾语从句的语序为陈述语序，常用于直接引语变间接引语。if或whether在句子中有具体的意思，意为“是否”，因此不可以省略。例如：

I don't know if / whether he will come tomorrow.

She wondered if / whether the story was true.

The teacher asked, “Have you finished your homework?”

→The teacher asked if / whether I / we had finished my / our homework.

Linda asked me, “Is the food enough for our party?”

→Linda asked me if / whether the food was enough for our party.

【注意】

1. 宾语从句中的人称代词要符合逻辑，有时需进行合理变化。

2. 主从句时态：

(1) 如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句可用各种时态;如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句也常用相应的过去时态。

(2) 宾语从句表示客观事实或真理时，其时态不受主句限制，需要用一般现在时。

随堂练习

Ⅰ. 根据语境及所给汉语提示，写出所缺单词。

1. Trust is very important in any ________(关系).

2. Do you know how to protect our ________(个人的) information?

3. Today, wearing masks has become part of ________(日常的) life.

4. It is reported that ________(古代的) art has become big business in Qinghai.

5. —Do you mind if I ask you one more question?

—________(当然) not.

Ⅱ. 将下列句子改写成宾语从句。

1. “I've left my schoolbag in the library,” Judy said.

Judy said ___________________ schoolbag in the library.

2. “Someone is waiting for you at the school gate,” Mr Wu said to me.

Mr Wu told me ___________________ at the school gate.

3. “Have you heard of the news?” Lily asks Jane.

Lily asks Jane ___________________ the news.

4. “Will Jill help me?” I can't stop wondering.

I can't stop wondering ___________________ help me.

参考答案

Ⅰ. 1. relationship 2. personal 3. everyday / daily 4. ancient 5. Certainly

Ⅱ. 1. (that) she had left her

2. (that) someone was waiting for me

3. if / whether she has heard of

4. if / whether Jill will

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